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Revision of Sentence -- A procedure by which the trial court (ordinarily the sentencing judge, unless unavailable) is asked to correct an allegedly illegal sentence or otherwise modify the sentence; as a result of the procedure, the sentence may be decreased or remain the same, but may not be increased unless done before the defendant leaves the courtroom at the original sentencing proceeding. When you're done, the program automatically generates your completed forms, along with detailed instructions on what to do next. Show Cause -- A process directed to a person to appear in court and present reasons why a certain order, judgment, or decree should not be made final. Wrongful Detainer -- (formerly known as Forcible Entry and Detainer) A proceeding for regaining possession from someone who has wrongfully taken or refused to surrender possession of property. Post Conviction -- A procedure by which a convicted defendant challenges the conviction and/or sentence on the basis of some alleged violation or error. Hospital Warrant -- In accordance with Health-General Article 12-120, a warrant issued by the court where a determination that probable cause exists that the named defendant has violated a conditional release under Title 12 of the Health-General Article. List of Common Abbreviations for Criminal Charges Copyright 2023 Maryland Judiciary. Court Order -- A command or mandatory direction of a judge which is made during a case. Statute -- An act of the General Assembly declaring, commanding, or prohibiting something. A material witness in a criminal case. Appeals, Certiorari, and Certification of Questions. Action -- All the steps by which a party seeks to enforce any right in a court or all the steps of a criminal prosecution. Counsel -- A person who is admitted to practice in a court of law and gives legal advice. Prima Facie -- Evidence good and sufficient on its face. Crime -- A positive or negative act in violation of penal law; an offense against the state classified either as a felony or misdemeanor. Speedy Trial -- The right of the accused to a speedy trial as guaranteed by the 6th Amendment of the United States Constitution; in Maryland, the right to be tried within 180 days after initial appearance, unless waived. Hearsay -- Evidence offered by a witness based on what others have said. Finding -- A determination of fact by a judicial officer or jury. Incompetency -- Lack of capacity to understand the nature and object of the proceedings, to consult with counsel, and to assist in preparing a defense. Grand Jury -- A jury composed of 23 persons who receive evidence and determine if that evidence is sufficient for a criminal indictment. Non Est (Inventus) (Trans: not to be found) -- the sheriffs return of process when service is not made because the person was not found. Battery -- The unlawful application of physical force to, or offensive touching of, another without the individuals consent. (See: Counsel). Presentence Investigation Report (PSI) -- A confidential report ordered by the judge and produced by the division of parole and probation prior to sentencing, to provide background information (job, finances, family status, community ties, etc.) Preliminary Inquiry -- Pre-trial hearing to determine that the defendant has received a copy of the charging document and under-stands the offenses with which he is charged and the penalties thereof. General Jurisdiction -- the unlimited authority over cases brought before the court to decide rights and grant remedies available under the law; circuit courts are courts of general jurisdiction. Pleadings -- The formal allegations by the parties of their respective claims and defenses for the judgment of the court; in criminal matters, this includes a charging document. To 1/1/2002 shall continue to bear the CF case type abbreviations florida < /a > locate court! Also the endorsement made by the officer upon the writ or other paper stating what he has done under it, the time and mode of service etc. Non Est (Inventus) (Trans: not to be found) -- the sheriffs return of process when service is not made because the person was not found. (Also known as Modification). Lesser Included Offense -- A crime composed of some, but not all, of the elements of a greater crime; commission of the greater crime automatically includes commission of the lesser included offense. Offense -- A violation of the criminal laws of this State or any political subdivision thereof. De Novo Appeal (Trans: for new) -- An appeal from a District Court to a circuit court for a new trial at which new evidence may be presented and new determinations are made. Misdemeanor -- A minor criminal offense (other than a felony or an infraction) punishable by a fine, imprisonment, or both. Trial De Novo -- From the beginning; appeal in which the reviewing court completely retries the case. Typically defendants enter one of the following pleas: guilty, not guilty, or nolo contendere. A witness who fails to comply with a subpoena. and prior criminal record of the defendant and, in certain cases, a victim impact statement. Cepi -- I have taken; the return on a warrant indicating that the defendant has been arrested. Modification -- (a change or alteration) An order changing the terms of a prior order of the Court. Title 12. Insanity Plea -- A claim that the defendant lacks the soundness of mind required by law to accept responsibility for a criminal act. St. Mary's County | Maryland Courts 347, 353.). Please note the % cannot be inserted at the beginning or middle of words. Plaintiff -- A complaining party in a civil action. Modifications can be ordered in open and closed cases. Maryland Code, Courts and Judicial Proceedings | FindLaw ADA -- A Federal law that prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities (Americans with Disabilities Act). Petition for Expungement -- A written request for expungement of Court and police records. Mistrial -- A trial that has been terminated and declared void due to prejudicial error in the proceedings or other extraordinary circumstances. All rights reserved. Search -- A written order by a judge directed to a peace officer and commanding him to search for and seize property as described therein. The first name is not required. Confession -- A statement by an individual, either oral or written, admitting that he or she committed a certain offense. Certified Copy -- A copy of a document or record that is certified by the official custodian of the original as a true copy. Burden of Proof -- The necessity of proving facts at issue in Maryland, the criminal burden of proof is beyond a reasonable doubt; the civil burden of proof is by a preponderance of the evidence, or sometimes by clear and convincing evidence.. Judgment -- The final order of the court; in a criminal case, the conviction and sentence constitute the judgment, so there is no judgment until sentence is imposed. Court Acronyms and Court Abbreviations - List of 2.7k Hearsay -- Evidence offered by a witness based on what others have said. Venue -- The geographical division in which an action or prosecution may be brought for trial. Capital Case -- A criminal case in which the allowable punishment includes death. Exclusive Jurisdiction -- Jurisdiction held by only one court over the type of case. Miranda Warning -- A requirement based on a United States Supreme Court decision that a person be advised of certain constitutional rights against self-incrimination at the time of arrest and before questioning. Costs -- Fees and charges required by law to be paid to the court, the amount of which is fixed by statute or court rule. Service -- Delivery of a writ, notice, injunction, etc., by an authorized person, to a person who is thereby officially notified of some action or proceeding in which the person is concerned. This free program copies your interview answers directly into your court form exactly as you enter it. If you have any further questions regarding this issue, please contact our Customer Services counter at (602) 322-7200 or (520) 205-4200. Incarceration -- Imprisonment; confinement in a jail or penitentiary. Maryland Court of Special Appeals: Md. Eviction -- Action taken to legally dispossess a person of land or property. Subsequent Offender -- A defendant who, because of prior conviction, is subject to additional or mandatory statutory punishment for the offense charged. Judge -- Can be a judge of any court in this state, but most often will be a judge of the court which issued the documents you have before you, or a judge of the court having jurisdiction over the matter before you. Affirm -- Alternate procedure to swearing under an oath. Regular Estate Judicial (RJ) - A proceeding conducted by the Orphans' Court when matters cannot be handled administratively. Interrogatories -- A set of written questions for the purpose of discovery. It also includes a probable cause determination on a warrantless arrest and advice of preliminary hearing in felony cases. Attorney Information System (AIS) - Centralized Judiciary database for Attorney Information, Attorney of Record -- An attorney who represents a party and has entered an appearance in an action. 959 P.2d 128 (1998), the officer's use of . Massachusetts : Massachusetts Supreme Judicial . Appellate Jurisdiction -- the authority that a higher court has to review cases decided in a lower court; the Supreme Court of Maryland, Appellate Court of Maryland, and circuit courts have appellate jurisdiction. Ecitation -- The electronic version of the MD Uniform Complaint and Citation (traffic citation). Nulla Bona -- No goods; a return to a writ of execution when no goods of the defendant are found to levy. Moot -- Issue previously decided or settled. Procedural Law -- The method, established normally by rules, to be followed in a case; the formal steps in a judicial proceeding. The chart includes only case types and cause codes that can be entered in or converted to JIS. (see De Novo). A claim by one party against a co-party. The Maryland Judiciary strives to protect the integrity of the information regarding cases and respective parties stored in its applications and systems. Common Law -- That body of law that was originated in England and was brought to the United States. Rebuttal -- The act of contradicting or overcoming the effect of a presumption or evidence. All criminal traffic charges are heard de novo in the circuit court. Accomplice -- A person who knowingly and willingly assists the principal offender in the commission of a crime. Immunity from Prosecution -- Protection from prosecution in exchange for testimony that might not otherwise by forthcoming. Extradition -- The surrender by one state to another of an individual accused or convicted of an offense outside its own territory and within the territorial jurisdiction of the other which, being competent to try and punish him, demands the surrender. Regular Estate (RE) - Assets subject to administration in excess of $30,000 ($50,000 if the spouse is the sole legatee or heir). The Maryland Electronic Courts (MDEC) case management system was implemented in Prince George's County on Monday, October 17, 2022. Sub Curia (Trans: under law) -- An action of the court ordering a matter to be held pending resolution due to a legal requirement (a procedure, rule or statutory requirement that prevented the finality of the matter). Sub Curia (Trans: under law) -- An action of the court ordering a matter to be held pending resolution due to a legal requirement (a procedure, rule or statutory requirement that prevented the finality of the matter). A disregard of, or disobedience to, the rules or orders of a judicial body or an interruption of its proceedings by disorderly behavior or insolent language. Concurrent Sentences -- Upon conviction of multiple counts/charges in one or more cases, sentences must be served at the same time, rather than one after the other (see: consecutive sentence). Is there a specific reason you are asking? Jury Trial Prayer -- A case that was originally filed in the District Court, but for which a trial by jury in the Circuit Court is requested. Search Warrant -- A written order by a judge directed to a peace officer or constable commanding the officer to search for and seize property as described therein. (Compare Probation). Prepared by Paul J. Notarianni in 2016. 2. This is a service of the Maryland Department of Assessments and Taxation. Summons -- A writ notifying the person named that an action has been filed against the person and Electronic Surveillance -- Court-authorized interception by use of an electronic device of wire or oral communications; wiretapping; eavesdropping. Forfeiture -- The loss of money or property or rights to property by failing to perform a condition or obligation required by the law or court without compensation to the owner. A sample of an event history is illustrated below: The abbreviations and comment codes are explained below. Motion -- A request to a court by one or more of the parties for a specific action in a case. Contact Information Accounting & Finance Location: (AB) 2nd Floor Phone: (352) 671-5520 This free program copies your interview answers directly into your court form exactly as you enter it. Marital Property -- The property, however titled, acquired by one or both parties during the marriage. Appellate Court of Maryland; Appointed Attorneys Program; Court Reporting; Judicial Council; Circuit Courts; Closings/Delays; Data Dashboard; Judicial Ethics Committee; . Government, Tracking, Management. Merged -- The absorption of a lesser included offense into a more serious offense. Plea Agreement -- Agreement between the prosecutor and the defendant to exchange a plea of guilty or nolo contendere for reduction in the charge(s) or leniency in sentencing. Supreme Court of Maryland -- Marylands highest appellate court wherein review is ordinarily a matter of discretion. For partial first name searches, optionally enter any characters followed by the %. Nolle Prosequi (Nol Pros) (Trans: to be unwilling to proceed) -- A formal motion in a case by the States Attorney, indicating that the charges will not be prosecuted. In Forma Pauperis -- Frequently used by inmates filing papers to seek waiver of prepayment of filing fees in State courts. U.S. Court of Appeals -- Federal appellate court having jurisdiction over actions decided in the U.S. District Court. Merits -- Strict legal rights of the parties; a decision on the merits is one that reaches the right(s) of a party as distinguished from a disposition of the case on a ground not reaching the rights raised in the action; for example, in a criminal case double jeopardy does not apply if charges are nolle prossed before trial commences, and in a civil action res judicata does not apply if a previous action was dismissed on a preliminary motion raising a technicality such as improper service of process.